Modified radical mastectomy is a surgical procedure commonly performed to treat breast cancer in which a significant portion of the breast tissue, along with adjacent lymph nodes, is removed. This surgical intervention is considered a modification of the radical mastectomy technique, which involves the removal of the entire breast, underlying chest muscles, and lymph nodes.
During a modified radical mastectomy, the breast tissue, including the tumor and a surrounding margin of healthy breast tissue, is excised. The surgeon also removes a portion of the axillary lymph nodes located in the armpit area to determine whether cancer cells have spread to these nodes. This procedure aims to achieve both adequate cancer removal and accurate staging.
Compared to the traditional radical mastectomy, the modified approach seeks to preserve the pectoral muscles that are responsible for various movements of the upper arm and shoulder, reducing the risk of functional impairment and allowing for better recovery. This preservation of the pectoral muscles also contributes to an improved cosmetic outcome.
After the modified radical mastectomy, patients often undergo breast reconstruction surgery to restore the shape and appearance of the breast. This can involve various techniques, including the use of implants or the transfer of tissue from other parts of the body.
Modified radical mastectomy is a critical treatment option for breast cancer patients, providing a balance between effective cancer removal and preserving the functionality and aesthetics of the affected area. The procedure is typically performed under general anesthesia and requires careful planning and collaboration between the surgical team and the patient to ensure the best possible outcome.
