The correct spelling of the word "midget submarine" can be explained using IPA phonetic transcription. The first syllable is pronounced /ˈmɪdʒɪt/, with the vowel sound being short "i" followed by a "j" sound. The second syllable is pronounced /ˈsʌb.mə.riːn/, with the stress on the first syllable and the final syllable pronounced like "rin". "Submarine" is a compound word, but "midget" is the modifier, which is why it comes before "submarine" and is spelled as one word without a hyphen.
A midget submarine is a specialized naval vessel typically used for stealthy operations, reconnaissance, or targeted attacks. It is characterized by its small size, efficient maneuverability, and ability to operate in shallow waters. These submarines are designed to accommodate a limited number of crew members, usually between one to four individuals, and are equipped with essential systems to ensure self-sufficiency during missions.
Midget submarines are known for their compact dimensions, typically measuring less than 150 feet in length. These vessels are often classified as submersibles, as they are capable of both navigating on the water surface and diving underwater. The hull structure is often streamlined and optimized for minimizing noise and acoustic signatures, enabling them to operate stealthily behind enemy lines.
These submarines are primarily deployed for various specialized tasks such as conducting surveillance, gathering intelligence, placing mines, attacking enemy ships or naval bases, and supporting amphibious operations. Due to their smaller size and exceptional maneuverability, midget submarines are intended to operate in littoral or coastal areas, where larger submarines may face navigation challenges.
Midget submarines often employ advanced technology, including sonar systems for navigation and targeting, torpedoes or other specialized weaponry, compact air supply systems, and advanced communications equipment. The crews operating these vessels are typically highly trained in covert operations and are adept at executing their missions while remaining undetected.
The term "midget submarine" originates from the word "midget", which itself comes from the Old English word "mycge", meaning "small fly". Over time, "mycge" evolved into "midge", referring to tiny insects like gnats or mosquitoes. In the late 19th century, "midget" started being used to describe anything unusually small in size.
During World War II, submarines built for stealthy operations with limited crew and size were developed by various nations. Due to their small size compared to conventional submarines, these vessels were often referred to as "midget submarines". The word "submarine" itself traces back to Latin, with "sub" meaning "under" and "marine" meaning "of the sea".