MEN II Meaning and
Definition
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MEN II, also known as Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2, is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the development of tumors in various endocrine glands of the body. It is categorized into three subtypes: MEN 2A, MEN 2B, and familial medullary thyroid cancer (FMTC), each with its distinct clinical features.
In MEN 2A, individuals usually have a high risk of developing specific types of tumors, including medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), pheochromocytoma (a tumor in the adrenal glands), and parathyroid adenoma or hyperplasia (abnormal enlargement of the parathyroid glands). On the other hand, MEN 2B is characterized by the presence of MTC, pheochromocytoma, and additional symptoms like mucosal neuroma and marfanoid body habitus.
FMTC, the third subtype of MEN II, primarily involves the development of MTC but lacks the presence of pheochromocytomas or parathyroid tumors commonly seen in the other subtypes.
MEN II is an inherited disorder caused by specific mutations in the RET gene. This gene provides instructions for producing a protein essential for normal cell growth and division. When affected by mutations, the RET gene does not function properly, leading to abnormal tumor growth.
Due to the hereditary nature of MEN II, individuals with affected family members should undergo genetic testing to monitor and manage the risk of tumor development. Treatment options may involve surgical removal of tumors or affected glands, regular screening for early detection, and lifelong monitoring to ensure optimal management of the condition.
Common Misspellings for MEN II
Etymology of MEN II
The term "MEN II" is actually an abbreviation for a medical condition known as Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia type 2. The etymology of "MEN II" is rooted in the medical field rather than the word itself.
The term "Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia" was coined by Ridolfi and colleagues in 1968 to describe a group of hereditary diseases characterized by the development of tumors in multiple endocrine organs. Initially, they identified three subtypes: MEN I, MEN II, and MEN III.
The acronym "MEN" represents "Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia", indicating the condition's characteristic feature of multiple tumors in different endocrine glands.
The "II" in "MEN II" signifies the subtype classification. MEN II is further classified into three different syndromes called MEN IIa, MEN IIb, and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (FMTC).
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