The phrase "melancholic temperament" refers to a personality type that tends towards sadness or depression. The word "melancholic" is spelled as /ˌmɛləŋˈkɒlɪk/ in IPA phonetic transcription. The first syllable is pronounced "mel" with a short "e" sound as in "melt." The second syllable is pronounced "an" with a short "a" sound as in "ban." The third syllable is pronounced "cho" with the "ch" sound as in "church." The last two syllables are pronounced "lik" with a short "i" sound as in "pit."
The melancholic temperament refers to a personality type characterized by a predominantly introspective, thoughtful, and often pensive disposition. It reflects a psychological and emotional tendency towards sadness, despondency, and a deeply analytical approach to life. Individuals with a melancholic temperament are often introspective and prone to self-reflection, displaying a heightened sensitivity to their surroundings and the emotions of others.
The melancholic temperament finds its roots in the theory of humors, which suggests that a person's temperament is determined by the dominance of certain bodily fluids. In this context, the melancholic temperament was associated with an excess of black bile, one of the four humors believed to govern an individual's behavior and emotions.
Individuals with a melancholic temperament often exhibit traits such as thoughtfulness, introversion, sensitivity, and a tendency to ruminate. They may feel a greater depth of emotions, experiencing both intense highs and lows. Their propensity for self-analysis contributes to their ability to reflect deeply on their thoughts, feelings, and experiences.
Although the melancholic temperament may be associated with a predisposition to sadness, it also brings forth positive qualities such as creativity, empathy, and a profound appreciation for beauty. It is important to note that while one may naturally possess a melancholic temperament, the individual's overall behavior and emotional states can be influenced by various factors such as upbringing, life experiences, and personal growth.
One marked by emaciation, extreme and lasting irritability, and a pessimistic outlook on the world.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
The word "melancholic" comes from the Greek word "melankholia", which is derived from the combination of "melas" (meaning black or dark) and "kholē" (meaning bile). In ancient Greek medicine, it was believed that an excess of black bile, one of the four bodily humors, caused a disposition toward sadness, depression, and introversion, which was described as the "melancholic temperament". This theory of the four humors was further developed by ancient Greek physician Hippocrates and later influenced the understanding of personality in medieval and early modern medicine.