MANIFEST ANXIETY SCALE Meaning and
Definition
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The Manifest Anxiety Scale (MAS) is a psychological assessment tool designed to measure the level of anxiety or anxiety-related symptoms experienced by an individual. It is based on the assumption that anxiety consists of both psychological and physiological components. The MAS was originally developed by American psychologist Charles D. Spielberger in 1966 and has since become widely used in research and clinical settings.
The scale consists of a series of statements or questions related to various anxiety symptoms and distressing behaviors. Respondents are required to indicate the extent to which each statement describes their own feelings or experiences using a Likert-scale response format. The statements cover different dimensions of anxiety, including physical tension, worry, nervousness, and fear.
Scores on the MAS can range from low to high, indicating varying degrees of anxiety. Higher scores suggest higher levels of anxiety, while lower scores indicate less anxiety. The scale can be used to identify individuals who may be more prone to experiencing anxiety-related symptoms or to assess changes in anxiety levels over time.
The MAS has been widely validated and has shown good reliability and validity. It is frequently used in research studies exploring the impact of anxiety on various psychological and physical outcomes. Additionally, it is utilized in clinical practice to assess and monitor anxiety symptoms in individuals seeking treatment or counseling for anxiety-related disorders.
Overall, the Manifest Anxiety Scale is a reliable and valid tool for measuring anxiety levels and is widely recognized within the field of psychology.
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