Pronunciation: [mˈanɪʃˌi͡ən] (IPA) 
The spelling of "Manichean" can be tricky. The word refers to a dualistic philosophy that originated in Persia in the 3rd century. Pronounced /məˈnɪkiən/ (muh-NIK-ee-uhn), the word is spelled with a "ch" but is pronounced with a hard "k" sound. This is because it comes from the name of the founder of the religion, Mani. To remember the spelling, it may be helpful to associate it with the word "mechanic" and the hard "k" sound.
Manichean refers to a dualistic worldview or a philosophy that sees the world as divided into two contrasting forces, principles, or moral codes. Derived from the teachings of the third-century Persian religious figure Mani, the term "Manichean" is often used to describe a belief system that perceives the universe as an eternal struggle between good and evil. It emphasizes the existence of two opposing and irreconcilable forces, typically personified as light and darkness, good and evil, or spiritual and material realms.
In a broader sense, Manichean can also describe any situation, ideology, or conflict characterized by an oversimplified division or polarizing viewpoint. This usage implies the existence of an exaggerated, binary opposition, with little room for compromise or nuance.
In the sociopolitical context, Manichean is often employed in discourse to criticize the simplification or oversimplification of complex issues, where disagreements are reduced to stark divisions between diametrically opposed sides. It denotes a mindset that lacks the ability or willingness to appreciate shades of gray or alternative perspectives, instead opting for rigid black-and-white thinking.
The term "Manichean" can be applied to various aspects of human life, including religion, politics, philosophy, and even personal attitudes. Utilized as an adjective, it characterizes an outlook or belief system that fosters an extreme dichotomy and ignores the complexities inherent in the human experience.
Pert. to Manes or his doctrine.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "Manichean" is derived from Manichaeism, an ancient dualistic religion founded by the Persian prophet Mani in the 3rd century. Manichaeism emphasized a stark duality between good and evil, light and darkness, and viewed the cosmos as being in constant conflict between these opposing forces. Mani, the religion's founder, combined elements from various religious traditions, including Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Buddhism, to create his unique belief system. Over time, Manichaeism spread across the Roman Empire and beyond. The term "Manichean" is often used in a metaphorical sense to describe any starkly dualistic, black-and-white worldview or belief system.
