Mandrillus refers to a genus of Old World primates that belongs to the family Cercopithecidae, commonly known as the baboon family. The genus Mandrillus comprises two species, namely Mandrillus sphinx and Mandrillus leucophaeus, which are commonly known as mandrills and drill monkeys, respectively.
Mandrillus sphinx, the mandrill, is a large primate species found in the rainforests of central and western Africa. Known for their striking appearance, mandrills are easily recognized by their colorful faces, which feature a combination of red, blue, and yellow hues. They have long canine teeth, a stout body, and a short tail. Mandrills exhibit sexual dimorphism, with males being significantly larger than females.
Mandrillus leucophaeus, the drill monkey, is also native to the same region but is less visually striking compared to mandrills. Drill monkeys have primarily black or dark brown fur, with a more subdued coloration on their faces. Like mandrills, they have a robust body structure and elongated canine teeth.
Both mandrills and drill monkeys are highly social animals and live in large groups called troops. These troops are hierarchical, led by dominant males. They primarily dwell on the forest floor but can also climb trees proficiently.
Mandrillus species are primarily herbivores, consuming a diet consisting of fruits, seeds, leaves, and sometimes insects or small vertebrates. Due to habitat loss, poaching, and other threats, mandrills are considered vulnerable and are protected under various conservation programs.
