LYSYL HYDROXYLASE Meaning and
Definition
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Lysyl hydroxylase is an enzyme that plays a critical role in the modification of collagen molecules during the process of collagen biosynthesis. It belongs to the class of dioxygenases and is primarily involved in the hydroxylation of specific lysine residues in collagen strands, converting them into hydroxylysine. This enzymatic action is a crucial step in the post-translational modification of collagen proteins.
The primary function of lysyl hydroxylase is to introduce hydroxyl groups onto lysine residues within the collagen molecule. This hydroxylation of specific lysine sites is essential for the subsequent cross-linking of collagen fibers, which is crucial for maintaining the structural integrity and strength of various connective tissues, including skin, bones, tendons, and blood vessels.
Lysyl hydroxylase activity is dependent on the availability of molecular oxygen and co-factors, including iron and 2-oxoglutarate. This enzyme is localized within the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum, where it acts in conjunction with other enzymes involved in collagen synthesis.
Deficiencies or mutations in the genes encoding lysyl hydroxylase have been associated with various connective tissue disorders, such as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and osteogenesis imperfecta. These conditions are characterized by abnormal collagen structure and function, leading to weakened and less elastic connective tissues.
In summary, lysyl hydroxylase is an important enzyme involved in the modification of collagen molecules through the hydroxylation of specific lysine residues. It plays a crucial role in collagen biosynthesis, contributing to the strength and stability of connective tissues in the body.
Common Misspellings for LYSYL HYDROXYLASE
- Lysyl Hydroxylasu
- Lysyl Hydroxylasm
- Lysyl Hydroxylasa
- Lysyl Hydroxylasg
- l ysyl hydroxylase
- ly syl hydroxylase
- lys yl hydroxylase
- lysy l hydroxylase
- lysyl h ydroxylase
- lysyl hy droxylase
- lysyl hyd roxylase
- lysyl hydr oxylase
- lysyl hydro xylase
- lysyl hydrox ylase
- lysyl hydroxy lase
- lysyl hydroxyl ase
- lysyl hydroxyla se
- lysyl hydroxylas e
Etymology of LYSYL HYDROXYLASE
The word "lysyl hydroxylase" can be broken down into its two parts: "lysyl" and "hydroxylase".
1. Lysyl: The term "lysyl" refers to the amino acid lysine. It is derived from the Greek word "lysos", which means "loose" or "loosing".
2. Hydroxylase: This word is derived from the term "hydroxyl" and the suffix "-ase". The term "hydroxyl" refers to a chemical group containing an oxygen and a hydrogen atom, written as -OH. The suffix "-ase" is used to designate an enzyme. Therefore, "hydroxylase" refers to an enzyme that adds a hydroxyl group to a chemical compound.
Combining these two parts, "lysyl hydroxylase" refers to an enzyme that adds a hydroxyl group to the amino acid lysine.
