The spelling of "long dozens" can be explained using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) as /lɒŋ ˈdʌzənz/. "Long" is pronounced with the phoneme /ɒ/ (as in "dog"), while "dozens" is pronounced with the phoneme /ʌ/ (as in "hut"). The stress is placed on the first syllable of "dozens". In terms of meaning, "long dozens" refers to a quantity of 13 items, whereas a regular dozen consists of 12. The spelling of this phrase is consistent with standard English pronunciation rules.
The term "long dozens" does not have a specific etymology as it is a combination of two words. "Long" refers to something of considerable length or duration, while "dozens" simply refers to a quantity of twelve. When used together, "long dozens" suggests a significant amount or a large quantity of twelve.