Lithocarpus is a botanical genus that belongs to the family Fagaceae, which encompasses several species of evergreen trees commonly known as stone oaks. These trees are native to Southeast Asia, particularly found in regions such as China, Taiwan, Japan, Indonesia, and the Philippines.
The term "lithocarpus" is derived from the Greek words "lithos," meaning stone, and "karpos," meaning fruit. This genus is aptly named after the characteristics of its fruit, which are small, typically hard, and woody, often resembling small stones or pebbles. The fruit of the lithocarpus tree is commonly referred to as an acorn or nut, and it plays a crucial role in the reproduction and dispersal of these trees.
Lithocarpus trees typically have glossy, leathery, and toothed leaves that are alternate in arrangement. They also possess small, inconspicuous flowers that are usually wind-pollinated. The wood of lithocarpus trees is highly valued due to its strength, durability, and resistance to rot, making it a sought-after material for construction, furniture, and other various applications.
These impressive trees are often found in mountainous or hilly areas, thriving in various types of soil, although they prefer well-drained and moderately acidic conditions. Lithocarpus species contribute to biodiversity and have ecological significance as they provide habitats and food sources for numerous animal species, including some types of birds, squirrels, and insects.
In summary, lithocarpus is a genus of evergreen trees in the Fagaceae family, native to Southeast Asia, known for their small, stonelike fruits, and prized for their durable wood.
