LINKAGE MAPPING Meaning and
Definition
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Linkage mapping refers to a method used in genetics to determine the relative positions of genes on a chromosome. It provides a framework for constructing a genetic map that displays the distances between genes and their order on a chromosome.
In linkage mapping, researchers analyze patterns of inheritance of genetic markers or traits within a population. A genetic marker is usually a known gene or DNA sequence with a known location on the chromosome. By examining how these markers are inherited together, it is possible to assess their relative positions on the chromosome.
The basis of linkage mapping lies in the phenomenon of genetic linkage, where genes that are physically close to each other on a chromosome tend to be inherited together. Conversely, genes located far apart on the chromosome are more likely to undergo recombination events during meiosis, resulting in independent inheritance.
To construct a linkage map, researchers rely on the frequency of recombination between pairs of genes. By calculating the recombination frequency, they can determine the genetic distance between genes. This is usually expressed in centimorgans (cM) or map units, with one map unit equaling a 1% chance of recombination occurring between two genes.
Genetic maps created through linkage mapping have proven invaluable in various genetic studies, including gene identification, studying genetic diseases, and understanding the organization and function of genomes. The availability of genetic maps has facilitated gene cloning, aided in the establishment of genome-wide association studies, and advanced our understanding of the genetic basis of traits and diseases.
Common Misspellings for LINKAGE MAPPING
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Etymology of LINKAGE MAPPING
The term "Linkage Mapping" comes from the field of genetics.
The word "linkage" refers to the concept of genes being connected or linked together on chromosomes. Genes that are close to each other on the same chromosome tend to be inherited together more frequently due to their physical proximity. This principle of genetic linkage was first described by Thomas Hunt Morgan in the early 20th century.
The word "mapping" in this context refers to the process of determining the relative order and spacing of genes on a chromosome, which involves identifying the different patterns of inheritance for certain traits or markers.
So, "Linkage Mapping" essentially refers to the practice of mapping the locations of genes on a chromosome based on their genetic linkage to other genes or markers.
