How Do You Spell LAW OF MULTIPLE PROPORTIONS?

Pronunciation: [lˈɔː ɒv mˈʌltɪpə͡l pɹəpˈɔːʃənz] (IPA)

The law of multiple proportions refers to the principle that states when two elements form more than one compound, the ratios between the masses of one element that combine with a fixed mass of the other element are always in small whole-number ratios. The IPA phonetic transcription for "law of multiple proportions" is /lɔː əv ˈmʌltɪpl prəˈpɔːʃənz/, where the stressed syllables are indicated with a vertical line. The spelling of this word follows English phonetic rules, where each syllable is pronounced as it is written.

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LAW OF MULTIPLE PROPORTIONS Meaning and Definition

  1. The "law of multiple proportions" is a fundamental principle in chemistry that states that when two elements combine to form two or more different compounds, the ratio of the masses of one element combined with a fixed mass of the second element is always in small whole numbers. In other words, different compounds composed of the same elements will have ratios of these elements that are simple, whole number multiples of each other.

    According to this law, if Element A combines with Element B to form Compound X and with Element B to form Compound Y, the ratio of the masses of Element A to Element B in Compound X will be a simple, whole number multiple of the ratio in Compound Y. This law was experimentally established by John Dalton in the early 19th century and played a significant role in the development of the atomic theory.

    For example, consider oxygen and nitrogen that combine to form two different compounds: nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2). The molecular masses of NO and NO2 are 30 g/mol and 46 g/mol, respectively. The ratio of oxygen to nitrogen in NO is 14:1, while in NO2 it is 16:1, which are simple multiples of each other.

    The law of multiple proportions provides evidence for the existence of discrete, indivisible particles (atoms) and supports Dalton's atomic theory, which states that elements are composed of atoms and combine in fixed ratios to form compounds. It is a crucial concept in the understanding of chemical reactions and the behavior of substances in the realm of chemistry.

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