Pronunciation: [latˈiːn] (IPA) 
The word "lateen" (/leɪˈtiːn/) refers to a triangular sail used in boats and ships. It is unique in its shape that has one long edge and two shorter edges. The word itself originates from the Middle French word "latine" and the Italian word "latin." The spelling is important as it distinguishes the lateen sail from other types of sails. Pronouncing the word correctly can also help with proper communication regarding sailing and boating.
Lateen:
Lateen is a term used to refer to a type of triangular sail traditionally used on sailing vessels. Derived from the Arabic word "latin," it gained popularity in the Mediterranean region around the 2nd century. The lateen sail is characterized by its triangular shape, with one corner attached to a mast inclined toward the bow or center of the vessel. This unique design allows the sail to capture the wind's power efficiently, enabling the vessel to sail close to the wind and make effective use of diagonal or side winds.
The lateen sail consists of a long, tapering yardarm (a horizontal spar at the top of the mast), which extends diagonally backwards from the mast. The sail is attached to the yardarm at one end and to the mast and boom (a spar attached to the bottom of the sail) at the other. The use of a lateen sail facilitated versatility and maneuverability, as the sail's shape could be adjusted easily to adapt to changing wind conditions.
This sail type has been historically associated with various seafaring cultures, including Arab, Mediterranean, and Indian sailors. It played a significant role in maritime trade, exploration, and warfare, contributing to the advancements in shipbuilding and navigation. The design of the lateen sail provided sailors with the ability to efficiently navigate through shallow waters and benefit from both downwind and upwind sailing. While less commonly used in modern vessels due to advancements in technology, the lateen sail remains an important historical and cultural symbol in the sailing world.
Broad and triangular-applied to a sail, as a lateen sail.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "lateen" is derived from the Middle French term "latine", which means "Latin". It originated from the Latin word "latīnus", which refers to something related to the Romans or the Latin language. The "lateen" rig was developed by Mediterranean sailors during the late Roman Empire, and it was primarily used by Latin-speaking sailors. Over time, the term "lateen" came to be associated specifically with this triangular sail rig used on small boats.
