Laser In Situ Keratomileusis (LASIK) is a surgical procedure that corrects refractive errors in the eye, improving vision quality without the need for glasses or contact lenses. It is a commonly performed procedure for conditions such as nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia), and astigmatism.
LASIK involves reshaping the cornea, the clear front surface of the eye. The procedure utilizes a highly focused laser beam to remove microscopic amounts of tissue from the cornea, allowing for precise modifications to its shape. By altering the cornea's curvature, light entering the eye is properly focused onto the retina, resulting in clearer vision.
The process begins with the creation of a thin, hinged flap on the cornea using either a microkeratome blade or a femtosecond laser. The surgeon then folds back this flap, exposing the underlying corneal tissue. With the help of an excimer laser, pulses of ultraviolet light are applied to vaporize and remove the desired amount of corneal tissue. The flap is then repositioned, acting as a natural bandage that rapidly adheres without the need for sutures.
LASIK is generally performed on an outpatient basis and is usually painless due to the application of numbing eye drops. Recovery time is relatively short, with patients often experiencing improved vision within 24-48 hours.
As with any surgical procedure, LASIK carries potential risks and complications, and successful outcomes depend on factors such as the patient's eye health, corneal thickness, and stability of the refractive error. Therefore, it is important to consult with an experienced ophthalmologist to determine if LASIK is a suitable option for individual circumstances.
