The word "kotow" refers to a former Chinese custom of touching the ground with the forehead in deference. It is spelled with the letters K-O-T-O-W, with stress on the first syllable. The IPA transcription of "kotow" is /kəˈtaʊ/, with a schwa sound for the first syllable followed by a stressed "tow" sound. The "k" sound is pronounced softly as "kuh". The spelling of "kotow" is unique and rare, which may cause confusion for those unfamiliar with the word.
The verb "kotow" refers to the act of showing extreme submission or deference towards someone, especially in a Chinese cultural context. It is often used to describe a deep bow performed by an individual in which their forehead touches the ground as a sign of extreme respect or reverence. The term originated from the Chinese word "kòu tóu," which literally translates to "to touch the forehead to the ground."
Kotow is a ritualistic gesture that signifies complete submission, obedience, and acknowledgement of superiority towards a high-ranking individual or authority figure. It is commonly performed as a means to express servitude, gratitude, or apology, particularly in ancient Chinese society.
The act of kotow holds cultural and historical significance, rooted in traditional Confucian ideology. It was an integral part of the social hierarchy, ensuring societal order and respect for those in higher positions. Kotow was commonly required during formal ceremonies, court settings, or when one seeks favor from someone of higher status.
In contemporary usage, the term "kotow" is also used figuratively to describe someone who excessively and insincerely seeks favor or approval from others, often to the point of self-degradation or loss of dignity.
Overall, "kotow" represents a deeply ingrained cultural practice that illustrates the dynamics of respect, humility, and power within Chinese society.
The word "kotow" is actually derived from the Chinese term "kòutóu" (磕头). "Kòutóu" is a traditional Chinese custom of kneeling and bowing one's head down to touch the ground as a gesture of deep respect or submission. This act was often performed in the presence of an emperor, high-ranking officials, or elders as a sign of reverence.
The term "kotow" was introduced to English in the early 19th century during the colonial era when the Western world encountered and learned about Chinese customs and culture. It was primarily used to describe the act of bowing and paying excessive respect or deference to someone in a subservient manner. Over time, the term "kotow" has developed its own connotation in English beyond just the act of bowing, often implying excessive or humiliating obedience.