JUS AD BELLUM Meaning and
Definition
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Jus ad bellum is a Latin phrase derived from Just War theory, which constitutes the criteria and principles used to determine the justification for resorting to war. It refers to the legality or justice of engaging in armed conflict and is commonly used in the fields of international relations, ethics, and law. The term is often contrasted with jus in bello, which refers to principles governing ethical conduct during war.
In simple terms, jus ad bellum encompasses the conditions and considerations that must be met for a war to be deemed morally or legally justifiable. These conditions include just cause, right intention, legitimate authority, last resort, reasonable chance of success, and proportionality. Just cause refers to the need for a legitimate reason to go to war, typically in response to a grave threat or aggression. Right intention necessitates that the motive behind war is focused on restoring justice and peace rather than personal gain or conquest. Legitimate authority requires that a government or entity with legal authority initiates the conflict.
Furthermore, jus ad bellum stipulates that war must only be pursued as a last resort when all other means of negotiation and diplomacy have been exhausted. The likelihood of success must be considered before engaging in war, as well as the principle of proportionality, which states that the potential benefits achieved by war should outweigh the harm and suffering caused. Overall, jus ad bellum provides a framework for evaluating the legitimacy and justice of going to war, aiming to establish ethical guidelines and prevent unnecessary conflict.
