Joist, spelled /dʒɔɪst/, is a structural element used to support the floors and ceilings of a building. The word is derived from Old French giste, meaning "beam," which has roots in the Latin gesta meaning "action" or "deed." The spelling of "joist" reflects the sound changes that occurred over time as the word passed from Old French to Middle English to modern English. The letter "j" representing the sound /dʒ/ was introduced later in the English language, hence the spelling "joist" as we know it today.
A joist is an essential component in the construction of a building, specifically in the formation of its framework. It generally refers to a horizontal structural element that provides support to the floor, ceiling, or roof above it. Joists are typically made of wood, steel, or concrete, and their primary purpose is to distribute the weight of the construction load evenly across the foundation or walls.
In residential or commercial construction, joists are laid parallel to each other and usually placed at regular intervals. They are closely spaced, forming a structural grid that serves as a stable base for the subfloor, ceiling, or roof structure to rest upon. Joists play a crucial role in maintaining the stability and integrity of the overall structure by transferring the load to load-bearing walls, beams, or columns.
These horizontal supports are commonly found in various construction settings, such as homes, multi-story buildings, bridges, and warehouses. They contribute to maintaining a level and rigid base for flooring systems, enabling the safe and secure movement of people and objects within the structure. Additionally, joists also help to minimize the deflection or bending of floors or ceilings, ensuring a more comfortable and level surface.
In conclusion, a joist is a horizontal structural element used in construction to support the load of the floors, ceilings, or roofs. It provides stability, distributes weight evenly, and forms the foundation for the building structure.
• To fit with joists.
• One of the smaller timbers of a floor or ceiling, on which the boards or laths may be nailed.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
The word "joist" has an etymology rooted in Old French and Middle English. It originated from the Old French word "joiste", which referred to a beam or support used in construction. This term then transitioned into Middle English as "joist". The word's exact origins before Old French are uncertain. However, it is likely related to the Medieval Latin word "gustus" or the Late Latin word "iugum", both meaning "beam" or "support". The Old French "joiste" ultimately became the modern English word "joist", representing a structural element used to support floors or ceilings in construction.