Jaundice is a medical condition that causes yellowing of the skin and eyes. The spelling of jaundice follows the English convention of using the letter "j" to represent the /dʒ/ sound. The word has two syllables, with the first syllable pronounced as /ˈdʒɔːn/ and the second syllable as /dɪs/. The vowel sound in the first syllable is a diphthong that starts with an open mid-back rounded vowel /ɔ/ and ends with a neutral vowel /ə/. Overall, the phonetic transcription of jaundice is /ˈdʒɔːndɪs/.
Jaundice is a medical condition characterized by the yellowing of the skin, mucous membranes, and the white part of the eyes, resulting from an accumulation of bilirubin in the body. Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced during the breakdown of red blood cells. It is normally processed by the liver and excreted in the bile, which is then eliminated from the body through feces.
Jaundice can occur due to various underlying factors. One common cause is liver dysfunction, where the liver fails to adequately process and eliminate bilirubin from the body. This can result from liver diseases such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, or liver cancer. Another cause of jaundice is an obstruction in the bile ducts, preventing the flow of bile and bilirubin from the liver to the intestines. This can be caused by gallstones, tumors, or inflammation. Certain blood disorders, such as hemolytic anemia, can also lead to jaundice, as they cause an increased breakdown of red blood cells.
Symptoms of jaundice typically include yellowing of the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes, along with dark urine and pale-colored stools. Depending on the underlying cause, additional symptoms may be present, such as fatigue, abdominal pain, fever, and weight loss.
Diagnosis of jaundice usually involves a physical examination and blood tests to measure bilirubin levels. Treatment varies depending on the cause and may involve addressing the underlying condition, such as treating liver disease or removing bile duct obstructions. In certain cases, phototherapy may be used to help break down excessive bilirubin levels. Prompt diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent complications associated with jaundice.
Icterus, a yellowish staining of the integuments and deeper tissues and the excretions with bile pigments.
A practical medical dictionary. By Stedman, Thomas Lathrop. Published 1920.
A disease characterised by yellowness of the eyes, skin, &c., and general languor.
Etymological and pronouncing dictionary of the English language. By Stormonth, James, Phelp, P. H. Published 1874.
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The word "jaundice" originated from the Old French word "jaunisse", which came from the Latin word "galbinus". The Latin term derived from "galbus", which means "yellow". This is due to the yellowing of the skin and eyes characteristic of individuals suffering from jaundice.