Japanese B Encephalitis Virus (JEV) is a member of the Flaviviridae family and is primarily transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes, particularly those belonging to the Culex species. This virus is predominantly found in rural areas of Asia and the Western Pacific, where it poses a significant public health concern.
JEV is the leading cause of viral encephalitis in Asia, resulting in severe neurological complications and a high fatality rate, particularly among children. The virus has a wide range of hosts, including wild birds and pigs, which act as amplifying hosts, contributing to its transmission cycle.
Upon infection, JEV has an incubation period ranging from 5 to 15 days. Symptoms can vary from mild flu-like illness to severe neurological manifestations, such as high fever, headache, neck stiffness, confusion, seizures, and paralysis. Long-term neurological consequences can also occur among survivors.
Prevention of Japanese B Encephalitis Virus primarily focuses on controlling mosquito populations through insecticide use, mosquito netting, and encouraging the use of protective clothing and mosquito repellents. Vaccination is the most effective measure for preventing JEV infection, particularly for individuals residing in or visiting areas with higher risk.
In summary, Japanese B Encephalitis Virus is an arthropod-borne virus that predominantly affects populations in Asia and the Western Pacific. It is transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes and causes a severe neurological illness known as Japanese encephalitis. Prevention mainly involves mosquito control measures and vaccination.
