ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE Meaning and
Definition
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Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the citric acid cycle, also known as the Krebs cycle or the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle. It is responsible for catalyzing the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate, converting it into α-ketoglutarate while producing carbon dioxide and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) as byproducts.
IDH is an important regulatory enzyme that regulates the flow of carbon in the citric acid cycle and plays a vital role in cellular metabolism. It acts as a key control point in the regulation of energy metabolism and the production of reducing equivalents, making it essential for the generation of cellular energy.
There are three isoforms of isocitrate dehydrogenase: IDH1, IDH2, and IDH3. IDH1 and IDH2 are localized in the cytoplasm and mitochondria respectively, while IDH3 is bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane. Mutations in the IDH1 and IDH2 genes have been associated with several types of cancers, most notably gliomas and acute myeloid leukemia (AML).
The activity of isocitrate dehydrogenase is tightly regulated to maintain cellular homeostasis. It is influenced by various factors including the concentrations of reactants and products, as well as the availability of cofactors. Dysregulation of IDH activity can disrupt cellular metabolism and lead to various pathological conditions. Consequently, understanding the structure and function of isocitrate dehydrogenase is of great importance for biomedical research and the development of therapeutic interventions.
Common Misspellings for ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE
- usocitrate dehydrogenase
- jsocitrate dehydrogenase
- ksocitrate dehydrogenase
- osocitrate dehydrogenase
- 9socitrate dehydrogenase
- 8socitrate dehydrogenase
- iaocitrate dehydrogenase
- izocitrate dehydrogenase
- ixocitrate dehydrogenase
- idocitrate dehydrogenase
- ieocitrate dehydrogenase
- iwocitrate dehydrogenase
- isicitrate dehydrogenase
- iskcitrate dehydrogenase
- islcitrate dehydrogenase
- ispcitrate dehydrogenase
- is0citrate dehydrogenase
- is9citrate dehydrogenase
- isoxitrate dehydrogenase
- isovitrate dehydrogenase
Etymology of ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE
The word "Isocitrate Dehydrogenase" has the following etymology:
- Isocitrate: The term "isocitrate" is derived from the Greek words "iso", meaning equal or identical, and "citrate", which refers to a salt or ester of citric acid. Isocitrate is an intermediate compound in the citric acid cycle, an important metabolic pathway in cells.
- Dehydrogenase: The term "dehydrogenase" stems from the Greek words "de", meaning to remove, "hydro", referring to hydrogen, and "gen", meaning to produce. Dehydrogenases are enzymes that catalyze the removal of hydrogen atoms from a molecule during a chemical reaction.
