The Inca Dove's name is spelled with the phonetic transcription of /ˈɪŋkə ˈdʌv/. The first syllable "Inca" is spelled with the letter "I" followed by the nasal sound represented by "ng" and the "k" sound. The second syllable "dove" is spelled with the letter "d" followed by the "uh" sound and the "v" sound. This small dove is commonly found in the southwestern United States and Northern Mexico and is known for its unique, descending whistle call.
The Inca dove, scientifically known as Columbina inca, is a small species of dove native to the arid regions of the Americas. Measuring around 19 centimeters in length, this compact bird showcases a distinctive appearance and behavior. The Inca dove displays a mostly gray plumage, featuring a scaly pattern on its wings, a black-tipped tail, and a reddish-brown patch on its wings. Its bill is short and slender, perfectly adapted for consuming seeds, fruits, and insects. This dove species is known for its graceful and quick flight, characterized by rapid wingbeats and frequent changes in direction.
The Inca dove is widely distributed across southwestern United States, Mexico, Central America, and parts of South America. It typically inhabits arid and semi-arid habitats, such as open woodlands, desert edges, scrublands, and agricultural areas. During courtship, the male Inca dove performs an elaborate display, consisting of puffing out its chest, raising its tail, and repeatedly bowing while making cooing sounds. The female usually constructs a flimsy nest made of twigs, grass, and leaves, which is often built in trees, shrubs, or cacti.
This species is generally considered to be of least concern in terms of conservation status due to its large population and wide distribution. With its unique appearance, fascinating flight patterns, and distinct cooing calls, the Inca dove represents an intriguing and characteristic member of the avian fauna in its respective range.
The word "Inca" in "Inca dove" does not refer to the Incas, the ancient civilization of South America. Instead, it is derived from the Aztec word "inilli", which means "dove". The Aztecs referred to this specific species of dove as "inilli". The word "dove" comes from the Old English word "dūfe", which has Germanic roots and is related to the Old High German word "tūba" and Old Norse word "dúfa".