Immunoadsorbent techniques, also known as immunoadsorption or immunoaffinity chromatography, refer to methods used to purify or isolate specific target molecules, such as antigens, antibodies, or other biomolecules, from biological samples, using an immunological reaction and a solid matrix.
In these techniques, a solid support material, such as beads or columns, is typically coated with specific antibodies or other affinity ligands that have high affinity and specificity for the target molecule of interest. The support material may be made of various materials, such as agarose, cellulose, or magnetic particles, which can be used for easy separation.
When a biological sample containing the target molecule is passed through the support material, the target molecule binds to the specific antibodies or ligands immobilized on the matrix, while non-specific contaminants are washed away. This selective binding allows for the isolation or purification of the target molecule from a complex mixture.
After the target molecule has been captured, it can then be eluted from the support material using different methods, such as changes in pH, temperature, or the addition of specific elution agents. The eluted target molecule can then be further analyzed, characterized, or utilized for various applications in research, diagnosis, or therapeutics.
Immunoadsorbent techniques are widely used in various fields, including biochemistry, immunology, biotechnology, and clinical diagnostics, due to their ability to specifically isolate and purify target molecules in complex biological samples, providing valuable insights into the structure, function, and interactions of biomolecules.
