I/O modes set refers to the configuration or arrangement of input/output (I/O) modes in a computing system or device. I/O modes, also known as transfer modes, are the methods or techniques used for transferring data between a computer's central processing unit (CPU) and its peripherals or external devices.
In computer systems, data transfer can occur in various modes, each having specific characteristics and capabilities. The I/O modes set defines the combination of modes that are selected or supported within a particular system, specifying how data is transferred to or from devices.
Common I/O modes include:
1. Programmed Input/Output (PIO): This mode involves the CPU directly controlling the data transfer, typically polling the peripheral for data transfer completion.
2. Interrupt-Driven I/O: In this mode, peripheral devices send an interrupt signal to the CPU when they are ready to transfer or receive data, allowing the CPU to perform other tasks while waiting for I/O operations to complete.
3. Direct Memory Access (DMA): DMA mode allows peripheral hardware to directly access the computer's memory, reducing CPU involvement in data transfer.
The I/O modes set determines which combination of these modes is supported or utilized by the system for different devices, facilitating efficient and optimized data transfer. The selection of I/O modes depends on factors such as device capabilities, system resources, and application requirements.
