Hypoglycemia is a medical condition characterized by abnormally low levels of glucose (sugar) in the blood. Glucose is the primary source of energy for the body's cells, particularly the brain, so a decrease in blood sugar levels can lead to a variety of symptoms and complications.
In a healthy individual, hormones like insulin help regulate blood sugar levels, ensuring they remain within a normal range. However, in people with hypoglycemia, this balance is disrupted, resulting in too much insulin or not enough glucose being released into the bloodstream.
Common causes of hypoglycemia include certain medications (such as insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs used to treat diabetes), excessive alcohol consumption, certain medical conditions (such as liver disorders or hormone deficiencies), and prolonged fasting or skipping meals.
Symptoms of hypoglycemia can vary depending on its severity, but commonly include shakiness, dizziness, sweating, confusion, irritability, weakness, and in severe cases, loss of consciousness or seizures.
Treatment for hypoglycemia typically involves consuming a fast-acting source of carbohydrates, such as fruit juice or sugar tablets, to raise blood sugar levels quickly. In some cases, a glucagon injection may be necessary. It is also important to identify and address the underlying cause of hypoglycemia to prevent future episodes.
Overall, hypoglycemia is a condition characterized by low blood sugar levels, which can lead to a range of symptoms and complications if not properly managed or treated.
