HUMAN GENETIC ENGINEERING Meaning and
Definition
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Human genetic engineering refers to the deliberate modification or manipulation of the genetic material or DNA of human beings. It involves the application of various techniques to alter the genetic makeup of an individual, either by introducing new genes, removing or editing existing ones, or modifying the expression of specific genes.
Utilizing advancements in molecular biology and biotechnology, human genetic engineering aims to manipulate the genetic information that determines the characteristics and traits of an individual. This can include alterations to physical attributes, such as eye or hair color, height, or body structure, as well as changes to genetic factors responsible for the susceptibility or resistance to certain diseases or conditions.
Human genetic engineering techniques primarily encompass gene therapy and germline engineering. Gene therapy involves the introduction of genetic material to treat or prevent genetic disorders, while germline engineering involves the editing of genes in sperm or egg cells, ultimately modifying the genetic information passed on to future generations.
The potential implications of human genetic engineering are both promising and contentious. Advocates believe it holds the potential to alleviate suffering and improve outcomes for individuals affected by genetic diseases, ultimately leading to a healthier and more prosperous society. However, critics express concerns about the ethical, social, and legal ramifications surrounding the manipulation of human genes, including the possibility of unintended consequences and long-term societal implications.
