HGE, also known as Hemorrhagic Gastroenteritis, is a medical condition that primarily affects dogs and is characterized by severe vomiting and diarrhea, often with the presence of blood. The term is used to describe a specific type of acute gastrointestinal disease primarily affecting the large intestine and causing inflammation and bleeding.
HGE is considered an emergency situation as it can lead to rapid and severe dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and other complications. The exact cause of HGE is not yet fully understood, although certain factors such as stress, dietary indiscretion, bacterial or viral infections, or changes in gut flora have been suggested to play a role.
Symptoms of HGE typically include a sudden onset of bloody diarrhea, frequently accompanied by vomiting. Dogs affected by HGE may exhibit signs of abdominal pain, loss of appetite, lethargy, and dehydration. The condition can progress rapidly, making immediate veterinary intervention crucial.
Diagnosis of HGE is usually based on the clinical signs, physical examination, and the exclusion of other potential causes. Blood tests may reveal changes in hematocrit levels and other abnormalities. Treatment often involves aggressive fluid therapy to correct and prevent dehydration, along with medications to control vomiting, reduce inflammation, and alleviate pain. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary.
Given its potential severity, HGE requires prompt medical attention. With appropriate veterinary care, most dogs affected by HGE can recover fully within a few days with no long-term complications.
