Hematometra is a medical term used to describe a condition in which the uterus becomes abnormally filled with blood. It occurs when the cervix is partially or completely blocked, preventing the normal flow of menstrual blood from the uterus to the vagina. As a result, blood accumulates within the uterine cavity, causing the uterus to become significantly distended and enlarged.
Hematometra can occur for various reasons, including congenital abnormalities, adhesions in the cervix or uterus, cervical stenosis, or scarring from previous surgeries or infections. It may also be seen as a complication of certain medical procedures, such as cervical cone biopsy or dilation and curettage.
The most common symptom of hematometra is severe pelvic pain or discomfort, particularly during menstruation. Other symptoms may include pelvic fullness or pressure, a sensation of bloating, and abdominal distension. Some individuals may also experience irregular menstrual bleeding, or a complete absence of menstruation.
Diagnosis of hematometra usually involves a pelvic examination, along with imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI, to visualize the uterus and confirm the presence of blood accumulation. Treatment typically involves relieving the obstruction causing the condition. This can be achieved through surgical intervention, such as dilating the cervix or removing adhesions, or by inserting a small catheter or tube to allow the blood to drain from the uterus.
Overall, hematometra is a medical term used to describe the abnormal accumulation of blood within the uterus, often caused by cervix or uterine obstructions. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential to alleviate symptoms and prevent potential complications.
