Pronunciation: [hˈatʌʃ] (IPA) 
The word "Hattush" is spelled with seven letters and is pronounced as /hæˈtuʃ/. The first sound is a voiceless "h" followed by the "a" sound as in "cat". The "t" and "u" sounds are pronounced as expected, followed by the voiceless "sh" sound. This word is typically written in English based on its transliteration from the Hittite language, which is an extinct language spoken in Anatolia during ancient times.
Hattush refers to the ancient capital city of the Hittite Empire, which was located in what is present-day central Turkey. The term "Hattush" primarily denotes the archaeological site of this ancient capital and is sometimes referred to as "Hattusha." The name Hattush also carries significance in Hittite history, as it was considered a holy city and the political and religious center of the empire during its peak.
Hattush was established around the 17th century BCE and thrived until the late 12th century BCE when it was ultimately abandoned. The city was strategically positioned and fortified, surrounded by massive walls that spanned approximately six kilometers in length. Within these walls, Hattush comprised a multitude of monumental structures, including administrative buildings, temples, palaces, and residential areas.
Archaeological excavations at Hattush have provided invaluable insight into the Hittite civilization, revealing intricate architectural designs, religious practices, and the governmental structure of the empire. The most iconic feature of Hattush is the Great Temple, a grand religious complex dedicated to the Hittite storm god. The site also includes impressive stone gates, such as the Lion Gate and the Sphinx Gate, which showcase the Hittite artistry.
Overall, Hattush serves as a vital historical and cultural landmark, shedding light on the Hittite civilization and its contributions to the ancient world.
