The spelling of "harp seal" can be explained using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The word "harp" is pronounced /hɑrp/, with the "h" being a voiceless glottal fricative, the "a" being an open back unrounded vowel, the "r" being a voiced alveolar approximant, and the "p" being a voiceless bilabial plosive. The word "seal" is pronounced /sil/, with the "s" being a voiceless alveolar fricative, the "i" being a close front unrounded vowel, and the "l" being a voiced alveolar lateral approximant. Together, "harp seal" is pronounced /hɑrp sil/.
The harp seal, scientifically known as Pagophilus groenlandicus, is a marine mammal residing in the cold and temperate waters of the North Atlantic and Arctic Oceans. It belongs to the phocid seal family and is characterized by its unique and striking appearance. The dictionary definition of a harp seal describes it as a medium-sized seal with a distinct harp-shaped pattern on its back, consisting of dark irregular patches against a lighter background.
With a lifespan of around 30 years, harp seals can grow up to 1.7 to 1.9 meters in length and weigh between 100 and 160 kilograms. They are renowned for their excellent swimmers, capable of diving to great depths and remaining submerged for extended periods. Their diet mainly consists of a variety of fish, shrimp, and other marine invertebrates.
Another notable feature of the harp seal is its dense layer of blubber. This insulation provides superior protection against the frigid waters they inhabit and assists in regulating their body temperature. Their distinctive white fur, which is shed after birth, serves as excellent camouflage on ice floes where they give birth to their young.
Harp seals are characterized by their annual migration, during which they travel significant distances to breeding colonies on the pack ice. These colonies serve as crucial locations for mating and nursing pups. Mature females give birth to a single pup after a gestation period of approximately 11 months.
While harp seals face several threats, such as predation by polar bears and orcas, they are primarily recognized for their commercial hunting. They have been historically exploited for their fur, meat, and blubber, which has led to conservation efforts and international regulations to protect their population.
The term "harp seal" is believed to come from the Old English word "hearpe", which means "harp". This is likely due to the "harp-like" patterns that can be seen on the back of adult harp seals. The word "seal" originates from the Old English word "seolh", which is related to the Germanic word "sel(b)s" and the Old Norse word "selr". These words originally referred to a type of sea mammal. Overall, the etymology of "harp seal" relates to the unique appearance of these seals and their association with the sea.