The word "harikari" is often spelled incorrectly in English as "hari-kari" or "hara-kiri". The correct spelling uses the Japanese phonetic system which has only five vowel sounds. "Harikari" is spelled phonetically as "hɑ.ɾi.kɑ.ɾi" using the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA). The first syllable is pronounced with an "ah" sound, the second syllable with an "ee" sound, and the final two syllables with a rolled "r" sound. It is important to use accurate spelling and phonetics when borrowing words from other languages.
Harakiri, also known as seppuku, is a traditional and highly ritualized form of suicide that originated in feudal Japan. The term "harakiri" is the Anglicized version of the Japanese word "腹切り," which literally translates to "stomach-cutting."
Harakiri involves a self-inflicted disembowelment, aiming to achieve a swift and honorable death. The act is typically performed by a samurai or other individuals who have committed grave offenses against honor or have failed in fulfilling their duties. The ritual often takes place in a carefully chosen location, such as a ceremonial hall or a designated suicide spot.
Before performing harakiri, the individual generally undergoes a series of preparations, including composing a death poem and meditating on their imminent demise. During the actual act, the person uses a short, sharp blade called a tanto to make a deep horizontal cut across their abdomen, followed by a vertical cut. This is meant to ensure a quick and fatal wound.
Harakiri holds great cultural and historical significance in Japan, embodying the values of honor, courage, and personal responsibility. It served as a way for individuals to atone for their transgressions and maintain their family's honor. While harakiri became less common in modern times, it has left a lasting impact on Japanese society and is still remembered as a symbol of extreme sacrifice and integrity.
The word "harikari" (also spelled "hara-kiri") is a Western misinterpretation of the Japanese term "seppuku". The etymology of "seppuku" can be traced back to the combination of two Japanese words: "setsu" (meaning "cut") and "fuku" (meaning "stomach" or "belly"). When combined, they form "seppuku" which translates to "cutting the stomach".
Although "harikari" is commonly used, it is considered an incorrect transliteration. The correct Romanized spelling is "seppuku". Nevertheless, "harikari" has been historically used in the English language since the 19th century and has become widely recognized.