HAGEMAN FACTOR Meaning and
Definition
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The Hageman Factor, also known as Factor XII (F-XII), is a plasma glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in the coagulation system of the human body. It is part of the intrinsic pathway, one of the two pathways involved in blood clotting, along with the extrinsic pathway.
Factor XII is synthesized in the liver and circulates in the blood as an inactive precursor, officially called zymogen. Upon contact with negatively charged surfaces, such as collagen or activated platelets, Factor XII becomes activated. Activation occurs through a proteolytic event, resulting in the formation of Factor XIIa, which is the enzymatically active form.
Once activated, Factor XIIa initiates a cascade of events leading to the generation of thrombin, a key enzyme responsible for blood clot formation. Factor XIIa activates Factor XI, which, in turn, activates Factor IX. Factor IX then interacts with Factor VIII and calcium ions to activate Factor X. Ultimately, Factor X converts prothrombin into thrombin, promoting clotting.
Apart from its role in coagulation, the Hageman Factor is also involved in several other physiological processes, such as inflammation and fibrinolysis. Deficiencies or abnormalities in Factor XII have been associated with certain rare conditions, including hereditary angioedema and thromboembolic disorders. These conditions are characterized by an increased or decreased risk of blood clot formation.
The understanding of the functions and abnormalities related to the Hageman Factor is paramount to the development of diagnostic tests and therapeutic interventions for coagulation and inflammatory disorders.
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Etymology of HAGEMAN FACTOR
The word Hageman factor refers to a blood coagulation protein known as Factor XII in the scientific and medical community. The term Hageman is derived from the name of the American scientist, Dr. Harry Hageman.
Dr. Harry Hageman, along with his colleagues, discovered and characterized this blood coagulation protein in the 1950s. They identified a new factor involved in the coagulation cascade, which ultimately led to the formation of blood clots. Dr. Hageman's significant contribution to this discovery resulted in the protein being named after him, hence the term Hageman factor.
