Haematuria is a medical condition characterized by the presence of blood in the urine. Derived from the Greek words "haima," meaning blood, and "ouron," meaning urine, haematuria can manifest either as gross or visible blood in the urine, giving it a pink, red, or brown color, or as microscopic haematuria, which is only detectable under a microscope. It is not a disease in itself but rather a symptom or indication of an underlying medical problem.
There are two primary types of haematuria: gross and microscopic. Gross haematuria occurs when there is visible blood in the urine and is easily noticeable to the naked eye. On the other hand, microscopic haematuria is unseen without the aid of a microscope, and only becomes evident during a urine analysis.
Haematuria can result from various causes, including urinary tract infections, kidney stones, bladder or kidney infections, trauma or injury to the urinary tract, urinary tract tumors, and certain medications. Furthermore, it can be a sign of more severe conditions such as kidney disease, urinary tract cancers, or blood-clotting disorders.
When haematuria is suspected, a healthcare professional will typically perform a comprehensive evaluation to determine the underlying cause and facilitate appropriate treatment. This may include a thorough medical history review, physical examination, urine tests, imaging scans, and other specialized tests.
Prompt diagnosis and management of haematuria are crucial to address the potential underlying conditions and ensure optimal patient care.
