The spelling of the word "gum shellac" can be confusing due to its unfamiliar pronunciation. In IPA phonetic transcription, it is spelled /ɡʌm ʃəˈlæk/. The first syllable is pronounced as "gum," as in chewing gum, while the second syllable is pronounced "sha" with a schwa sound in the middle, and "lac" with a short "a" sound at the end. "Shellac" is a resinous substance used for coating or sealing, while "gum" refers to a sticky substance derived from plants. Together, they form a compound word used in various industries such as cosmetics and woodworking.
Gum shellac refers to a natural resinous substance derived from the secretions of the lac insects, primarily found in India and Thailand. It is obtained by harvesting the resinous deposits left by female lac insects on trees. The resin is processed into thin flakes or granules that are soluble in alcohol and organic solvents.
Often used as a versatile and highly effective natural lacquer, gum shellac finds extensive application in various industries. In the woodworking and furniture industry, it is commonly utilized as a protective coating and finishing material due to its excellent adhesive and sealing properties. It acts as a sealer that prevents moisture absorption and provides a smooth and glossy finish on wooden surfaces.
Moreover, gum shellac finds use in the food industry as a food glaze, particularly on confectionery products like candies and chocolates. It serves to enhance the appearance, improve shelf life, and provide a glossy finish to these items. Furthermore, it is used in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries as a film-forming agent, binder, and ingredient in various ointments, haircare products, and coatings.
Gum shellac has a long history of use dating back centuries, valued for its natural origin, ease of application, and durability. Its utilization spans a wide range of applications due to its versatility, making it a sought-after ingredient with numerous industrial and commercial applications.
The word "gum shellac" has a straightforward etymology:
1. Gum: The word "gum" originated from the Middle English word "gome" and Old English word "goma" which meant "the inside lining of the mouth", "gum resin", or "juice". It later extended to refer to any adhesive substance produced by plants or trees, such as tree resins or plant exudates.
2. Shellac: The word "shellac" is derived from the French word "shellaque", which was borrowed from the Indian word "shalaka". Shalaka referred to the resinous secretion produced by insects called lac bugs (Laccifer lacca) that infest certain host trees in India and Southeast Asia. Lac bugs attach themselves to tree branches, and their secretions form a hard shell-like coating on the branches, which is collected and processed into shellac.