Pronunciation: [ɡˈɒs] (IPA) 
The spelling of "GOS" is quite straightforward. It is pronounced as /ɡɒs/ (GAW-ss) using IPA phonetic transcription. The first sound is a voiced velar plosive "g" followed by an open-mid back rounded vowel "o". Finally, it ends with an unvoiced alveolar fricative "s". This three-letter word does not have any silent letters, making it an easy word to spell. "GOS" may refer to a type of goose or a breed of sheep, depending on the context.
GOS refers to the acronym for Galacto-oligosaccharides. Galacto-oligosaccharides are a type of prebiotic dietary fiber that are composed of multiple units of galactose sugar molecules. This functional oligosaccharide compound is not readily digested by human enzymes, thus reaching the large intestine intact, where it serves as a food source for beneficial gut bacteria.
GOS are derived from lactose, which is found in dairy products like milk. Through a process called enzymatic hydrolysis, the lactose is broken down into shorter chains of galactose molecules, resulting in the creation of GOS. These oligosaccharides have gained significant interest due to their potential health benefits.
As prebiotics, GOS stimulate the growth and activity of beneficial bacteria in the gut, such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli. This promotion of beneficial bacteria helps improve the balance of the gut microbiota, supporting digestive health and overall well-being. Additionally, GOS have been shown to enhance the absorption of certain minerals, including calcium and magnesium.
GOS are commonly used as an ingredient in functional food products, such as infant formulas, yogurt, and dietary supplements. They are also available as standalone supplements. With their prebiotic properties and ability to selectively nourish beneficial bacteria, GOS play a vital role in maintaining a healthy gut microbiota, which is considered crucial for various aspects of human health.
