GENETIC VARIATION Meaning and
Definition
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Genetic variation refers to the diversity of genetic materials, specifically the variations in the DNA sequences of genes among individuals within a population or species. It is the result of the different combinations of inherited genetic characteristics from both parents, as well as the accumulation of random mutations over generations.
Genes are composed of DNA, which contains the instructions for building and maintaining an organism. However, these instructions can vary between individuals due to genetic variation. Through genetic variation, individuals within a population possess unique genetic makeup, leading to differences in physical traits, susceptibility to diseases, and overall genetic fitness.
Genetic variation occurs through several mechanisms. Sexual reproduction plays a significant role in increasing genetic diversity. During meiosis, chromosomes exchange genetic materials, known as recombination, creating new combinations of genes. Mutations are also a common source of genetic variation, resulting from errors during DNA replication or exposure to mutagenic factors in the environment. These mutations can alter the structure or functioning of genes, providing new genetic variants.
Genetic variation is essential for the survival and adaptation of a population or species. It allows individuals to respond differently to changes in their environment, giving rise to diverse phenotypes. This diversity provides the raw material for natural selection, enabling populations to adapt to ever-changing conditions. Moreover, genetic variation is crucial in fields such as medicine and agriculture, as it influences an individual's susceptibility to diseases, response to medications, and the potential for selective breeding and crop improvement.
Common Misspellings for GENETIC VARIATION
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Etymology of GENETIC VARIATION
The word "genetic" is derived from the Latin word "geneticus", which means "pertaining to origin or to generation". It is derived from the Latin word "genus", meaning "birth, origin, or kind".
The word "variation" comes from the Latin word "variatio", which means "change, alteration, or diversity". It is derived from the Latin word "varius", meaning "diverse" or "varying".
Therefore, when combined, "genetic variation" refers to the diversity or range of genetic characteristics within a population or species.
