GENETIC MARKERS Meaning and
Definition
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Genetic markers are specific segments of DNA or variations in a DNA sequence that can be used to identify individual genomes or track the inheritance of certain genetic traits or diseases within a population. These markers are typically associated with particular genes or regions of the genome, and their presence or absence can help scientists determine the presence or likelihood of certain genetic disorders or traits in individuals or populations.
Genetic markers are widely used in genetic research, forensic science, and medical diagnostics. They are often identified through techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR), DNA sequencing, or genotyping. These markers can be classified into various types, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), short tandem repeats (STRs), and insertion/deletion polymorphisms (indels).
Once identified, genetic markers can be used for a multitude of purposes. They can help establish ancestral relationships between individuals, study population genetics, identify individuals in criminal investigations through DNA profiling, or predict the likelihood of developing certain diseases. Genetic markers can also be employed in animal breeding programs to select for desired traits and understand the inheritance patterns of specific traits.
Overall, genetic markers are crucial tools in genetic studies, allowing researchers to map and analyze the human or animal genome, discover patterns of inheritance, and gain insights into the genetic basis of various traits and diseases.
Common Misspellings for GENETIC MARKERS
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Etymology of GENETIC MARKERS
The word "genetic" comes from the Greek word "genetikos", which means "relative to generation" or "originating from generation". The term "genetic" was first used in the late 19th century to describe the study of heredity and variations in living organisms.
The word "marker" has its roots in the Old English word "mearc", meaning "boundary" or "sign". It refers to something that is used to indicate a particular position, identity, or characteristics.
When combined, "genetic markers" refers to specific variations (or markers) within an individual's DNA that can be used to identify or track particular genes or genetic traits. As such, the word "genetic markers" essentially describes the indicators or signs within a person's genes that allow scientists to study or identify specific genetic information.
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