GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING Meaning and
Definition
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Gene expression profiling refers to the process of measuring the activity levels of various genes within an organism or cell at a specific point in time. It involves the systematic analysis of gene expression patterns to identify and quantify the amount of RNA or protein produced by different genes. This profiling technique provides valuable insights into how genes are regulated and how they contribute to various biological processes or disease conditions.
Gene expression profiling typically involves the use of high-throughput techniques like microarray analysis or next-generation sequencing to simultaneously measure the expression of thousands of genes. These approaches enable researchers to compare gene expression levels between different samples and identify genes that are upregulated (increased expression) or downregulated (decreased expression) under specific conditions. By identifying the genes that are actively transcribed or translated, researchers can gain valuable information about the underlying molecular mechanisms and cellular pathways involved in particular biological processes or disease states.
Gene expression profiling has numerous applications in both basic and clinical research. It can be used to study developmental processes, identify biomarkers for disease diagnosis, assess treatment responses, and discover new therapeutic targets. By examining the gene expression profiles of cells or tissues, researchers can gain a comprehensive understanding of complex biological systems and unravel the molecular basis of diseases, paving the way for the development of personalized medicine and targeted therapies.
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