The word "gaslights" is spelled with a "g" followed by "as" and "lights". The "g" is pronounced with the IPA symbol /ɡ/, which represents the voiced velar stop consonant. The "as" is pronounced with the IPA symbol /æz/, which represents the voiced alveolar fricative consonant followed by the voiced alveolar affricate consonant. The "lights" is pronounced with the IPA symbol /laɪts/, which represents the voiced alveolar lateral approximant consonant followed by the diphthong /aɪ/ and the voiceless alveolar fricative consonant.
Gaslights refer to a type of lighting fixture that utilizes gas as a fuel source, particularly during the late 18th to the early 20th century. These lighting fixtures were commonly found in streets, public spaces, and households before the advent of electric lighting. Gaslights typically consisted of a burner inside a glass enclosure, which emitted a luminous flame when ignited.
The term "gaslight" has also been used metaphorically to describe psychological manipulation or deceptive tactics employed to make someone doubt their own sanity or perception of reality. This usage originates from the title of the 1938 play "Gas Light" by British playwright Patrick Hamilton. In this play, a character methodically dims the gaslights in the house while insisting to his wife that no change in light has occurred. By causing her to question her own senses, he successfully manipulates her and drives her toward insanity.
In contemporary understanding, "gaslighting" denotes a form of psychological abuse wherein one person manipulates another by distorting or denying reality, often leading the victim to question their memories, experiences, or perceptions. The manipulator employs tactics such as outright lying, denying facts, trivializing concerns, and undermining the victim's confidence to gain control over them. This form of psychological abuse can occur in various relationships, including romantic partnerships, friendships, familial bonds, and even in professional settings.
Overall, gaslights can refer to physical lighting fixtures that burn gas for illumination, or metaphorically to describe a psychological manipulation technique leading to self-doubt and questioning one's sense of reality.
The word "gaslights" derives from the combination of two separate words: "gas" and "lights".
The term "gas" originates from the Greek word "khaos", meaning "empty space" or "nothingness". It later evolved into the Latin word "chaos", referring to an empty or void space. In the 17th century, the term "gas" was adopted into English to describe various vaporous substances, ultimately becoming associated with the chemical element known as "gas".
The term "light" has its roots in Old English and Germanic languages. In Old English, the word "leoht" and its cognates in Middle High German and Old Norse all referred to "light" as both the natural and artificial forms of illumination.
The combination of "gas" and "lights" occurred during the development of gas-powered lighting systems in the late 18th century.