Gamma benzene hexachloride is a chemical compound commonly abbreviated as "γ-BHC" and pronounced /ˈɡæmə bɛnˌzi:n hɛksəˈklɔraɪd/. The word "gamma" represents the Greek letter γ, which is pronounced /ɡæmə/ in English. "Benzene" is spelled as it is pronounced: /ˈbɛnzi:n/. "Hexachloride" is pronounced /hɛksəˈklɔraɪd/, and refers to the presence of six chlorine atoms in the compound. Accurate spelling of this word is important in scientific contexts to avoid confusion or errors in experimentation.
Gamma benzene hexachloride (γ-BHC) is an organochlorine compound belonging to the family of hexachlorocyclohexanes. It is a colorless to white powder with a distinct odor and is commonly known by its trade name, Lindane. γ-BHC is derived from benzene, with six hydrogen atoms being replaced by chlorine atoms on different positions along the benzene ring.
As a pesticidal chemical, γ-BHC is primarily used to control insects such as mites, lice, and parasites in both agricultural and veterinary applications. Its mode of action involves disrupting the nervous system of these pests, leading to paralysis and eventually death. It is typically applied topically as a lotion or cream, although it can also be used as an agricultural spray or in dust formulations for the treatment of crops.
Despite its effectiveness as a pesticide, γ-BHC has been banned or restricted in numerous countries due to its persistence in the environment and its potential toxic effects on humans and animals. It can enter the food chain through the consumption of contaminated water, soil, or food products, posing risks to human health. Long-term exposure to γ-BHC has been associated with various health problems, including neurological disorders, endocrine disruption, reproductive and developmental abnormalities, and even cancer. Therefore, alternatives to γ-BHC have been sought after in order to minimize its usage and environmental impact.