How Do You Spell FUNCTIONAL RESIDUAL CAPACITY?

Pronunciation: [fˈʌŋkʃənə͡l ɹɪsˈɪd͡ʒuːə͡l kəpˈasɪti] (IPA)

Functional Residual Capacity is a term used in respiratory physiology to describe the amount of air left in the lungs after a normal expiration. The word is pronounced /ˈfʌŋkʃənəl rɪˈzɜːvəl kəˈpæsəti/, with the stress on the second syllable of both words. The spelling 'functional' is derived from the Latin word 'functio', meaning performance or execution, while 'residual' comes from the Latin 'residuus', meaning left behind. 'Capacity' is from the Latin word 'capacitas', meaning ability or power.

FUNCTIONAL RESIDUAL CAPACITY Meaning and Definition

1. Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) refers to the volume of air that remains in the lungs at the end of a normal expiration, when the individual is at rest. It is the result of the balance between two opposing forces: the tendency of the lungs to collapse and the tendency of the chest wall to expand. FRC is an important parameter to evaluate lung function and is often measured during pulmonary function tests.

   FRC is determined by the interaction of two key components: the expiratory reserve volume (ERV) and the residual volume (RV). ERV is the volume of air that can be forcibly exhaled after a normal expiration. RV, on the other hand, refers to the volume of air that remains in the lungs after maximal expiration. By adding these two components together, FRC can be calculated.

   FRC serves several vital functions in the respiratory system. It is responsible for maintaining lung mechanics, keeping the airways open, and preventing lung collapse during expiration. FRC also acts as a reservoir for oxygen and carbon dioxide, allowing for efficient gas exchange between the alveoli and the blood.

   Abnormalities in FRC can indicate lung diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or restrictive lung disorders. An increase in FRC often signifies hyperinflation, while a decrease in FRC may indicate lung stiffness or reduced lung volume.

   Overall, measuring and understanding FRC can provide valuable insights into lung health and function, aiding in the diagnosis and management of respiratory conditions.

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