Functional orthodontic appliances are specialized devices used in orthodontic treatment to correct and improve the alignment and function of the teeth, jaws, and facial structures. These appliances are designed to actively guide the growth and development of the oral and facial structures, as well as enhance the balance and functionality of the stomatognathic system.
Functional orthodontic appliances are typically used in patients with malocclusions, skeletal discrepancies, or other abnormalities that affect the bite and facial aesthetics. They work by harnessing the natural forces exerted by the muscles of the face and jaw to promote proper growth and alignment of the teeth and jaws.
These appliances can be classified into two main categories: removable and fixed. Removable functional appliances are custom-made appliances that can be taken in and out of the mouth for eating, brushing, and cleaning. They rely on the patient's cooperation and active involvement in wearing and using the appliance correctly to achieve the desired results.
In contrast, fixed functional appliances are affixed to the patient's teeth and cannot be removed by the patient. These appliances are typically used in more severe cases where additional control and force application are required.
Functional orthodontic appliances have been widely used in orthodontic practice to correct malocclusions and skeletal discrepancies, improving both the esthetic and functional outcomes of orthodontic treatment. They can help address a variety of orthodontic issues, including overbites, underbites, crossbites, overcrowding, and open bites. The selection and use of functional orthodontic appliances depend on individual patient characteristics and treatment goals, and should be determined by a qualified orthodontic specialist.
