Follicular large cell lymphoma is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) characterized by the presence of large abnormal cells in the lymph nodes or other lymphoid tissue. This lymphoma subtype belongs to the broader category of follicular lymphoma and is classified as grade 3A or 3B based on the number of large cells present.
Follicular large cell lymphoma typically develops from B cells, a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system. The abnormal B cells in this lymphoma subtype infiltrate the lymph nodes, forming clumps or nodules that can be seen under a microscope. The large cells exhibit irregular nuclear shapes and prominent nucleoli, which are characteristics used to distinguish them from normal cells.
The disease usually manifests with painless swelling of the lymph nodes, most commonly in the neck, armpits, or groin. Some individuals may also experience systemic symptoms such as weight loss, fever, night sweats, or fatigue. Diagnosis is obtained through a combination of clinical examination, imaging tests, and biopsy. Immunohistochemistry and gene expression profiling may also be performed to confirm the diagnosis and provide additional information about the disease.
The treatment of follicular large cell lymphoma is multidisciplinary and depends on various factors, including the stage and extent of the disease, the individual's overall health, and their preferences. Common treatment options include chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy. Prognosis varies, but overall, follicular large cell lymphoma tends to have a better prognosis than other aggressive lymphomas. Regular follow-up is necessary to monitor for disease progression or recurrence.
