FECAL OCCULT TEST Meaning and
Definition
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A fecal occult test, also known as a fecal occult blood test or FOBT, is a diagnostic examination that aims to detect hidden traces of blood in feces. It is primarily used to screen for various gastrointestinal issues, particularly concerning the colon and rectum. The presence of occult blood in the stool may be an indication of specific health conditions, such as colorectal cancer, polyps, ulcers, or various gastrointestinal bleeding disorders.
The test involves collecting a small sample of stool, usually using a special kit provided by a healthcare professional. The sample is then tested in a laboratory to check for the presence of blood, which cannot be seen visually and requires laboratory techniques for detection. Most fecal occult tests are based on a chemical reaction between the blood and certain substances in the test kit, such as guaiac or immunochemical reagents.
Fecal occult tests are commonly recommended to individuals who are at risk of colon or rectal diseases, typically between the ages of 50 and 75, although other factors may influence the need for testing. It is an essential part of regular preventive healthcare, aiming to identify potential health issues in their early stages when they are more treatable. It is worth noting that a positive fecal occult test does not necessarily indicate the presence of cancer but warrants further investigation, usually through additional diagnostic procedures like colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy.
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