FDG stands for Fluorodeoxyglucose, which is a radiopharmaceutical compound used in medical imaging. It is a radioactive tracer widely utilized in Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans to detect and diagnose various conditions in the human body.
FDG is a glucose analog where the hydroxyl group at the C-2 position is replaced with a fluorine-18 atom. This radiotracer molecule is administered intravenously, allowing it to be distributed throughout the body via the bloodstream. It is rapidly taken up by tissues that possess high metabolic activity, such as the brain, heart, and cancerous cells.
The fluorine-18 emits positrons, which are positively charged particles. When the positrons encounter and annihilate with electrons in the body tissues, they produce gamma rays. These gamma rays are detected by the PET scanner, allowing the creation of detailed images that reveal metabolic activity within specific organs or areas of interest.
FDG-PET scans are particularly valuable in diagnosing various conditions, including different types of cancer, as malignant cells typically exhibit increased glucose metabolism. This imaging technique not only aids in detecting cancer but also aids in staging, treatment planning, and monitoring the response to therapy. Furthermore, FDG-PET scans can also detect and evaluate other conditions like neurological disorders, infective processes, and cardiac diseases.
In summary, FDG is a radiopharmaceutical compound that, when combined with PET scanning technology, enables the visualization and evaluation of metabolic activity in the body, contributing to the diagnosis and management of a wide range of medical conditions.
