Familial Polyposis Syndrome, also known as Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP), is a hereditary medical condition characterized by the presence of multiple polyps in the colon and rectum. It is a rare genetic disorder that predisposes individuals to a significantly increased risk of developing colorectal cancer.
The primary feature of Familial Polyposis Syndrome is the formation of numerous adenomatous polyps in the lining of the large intestine. These polyps, which are benign in their early stages, can gradually transform into cancerous growths if left untreated. Individuals affected by this syndrome often develop hundreds or even thousands of polyps over time.
Familial Polyposis Syndrome is typically an autosomal dominant genetic disorder, meaning that a single faulty gene inherited from one parent is sufficient to cause the condition. The underlying genetic mutation is usually found in a gene called APC (adenomatous polyposis coli).
Symptoms of Familial Polyposis Syndrome can include changes in bowel habits, rectal bleeding, abdominal pain, and anemia. If left untreated, individuals with this syndrome are almost certain to develop colorectal cancer by the age of 40.
The recommended treatment for Familial Polyposis Syndrome is surgical removal of the colon and rectum, known as a colectomy or proctocolectomy, to prevent the development of cancer. Regular endoscopic surveillance and genetic testing are essential for early detection and management of the syndrome in high-risk individuals and their families.
In conclusion, Familial Polyposis Syndrome is an inherited disorder characterized by the presence of multiple polyps in the colon and rectum, which significantly increases the risk of developing colorectal cancer. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial in managing this condition and preventing its life-threatening consequences
