EUROPEAN COURT OF JUSTICE Meaning and
Definition
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The European Court of Justice (ECJ) is the highest court in the European Union's judicial system. It plays a vital role in ensuring the uniform interpretation and application of EU law across member states. Established in 1952, the ECJ is situated in Luxembourg and consists of one judge appointed per member state, currently totaling 27 judges.
The primary responsibility of the ECJ is to interpret and apply EU law. It hears cases referred to it by national courts and provides legal certainty in matters concerning the interpretation of EU treaties and legislation. The ECJ's rulings are binding and serves as precedents for all member states.
The ECJ is pivotal in upholding the principle of the supremacy of EU law. Through its judgments, it ensures that EU law takes precedence over national laws, and member states are obligated to comply with its decisions. This judicial body also safeguards the rights of individuals and businesses within the EU by resolving disputes brought before it regarding the misapplication or violation of EU law by member states or EU institutions.
In addition to its interpretive function, the ECJ also acts as an advisory body. It provides opinions to any institution or member state on legal matters within its scope of competence. This role ensures a cohesive legal framework and consistency in EU law across member states.
Overall, the European Court of Justice is a crucial institution within the EU's legal framework, guaranteeing the uniform interpretation and application of EU law, safeguarding the rights of individuals and businesses, and providing legal certainty to member states.
