Etretin is a medication classified as a retinoid, specifically a third-generation synthetic retinoid. It is derived from vitamin A and is primarily used in the treatment of severe acne vulgaris. Etretin works by inhibiting the production of sebum, which is the oily substance that can clog pores and contribute to the formation of acne.
Etretin is available in oral form and is usually prescribed for cases of acne that have not responded to other treatments, such as antibiotics or topical creams. It is typically used as a last resort when other options have proven ineffective.
The use of etretin requires close medical supervision, as it can cause numerous side effects. The most common side effects include dryness and peeling of the skin, nosebleeds, and the potential for flare-ups of acne in the initial stages of treatment. Additionally, etretin is known to increase the skin's sensitivity to sunlight, so adequate sun protection is necessary while using this medication.
Furthermore, etretin is contraindicated in pregnant women and those who may become pregnant, as it has been shown to cause severe birth defects. It is essential that women of childbearing age use reliable contraception while taking etretin and undergo regular pregnancy tests to ensure they are not pregnant.
In conclusion, etretin is a retinoid medication primarily used for the treatment of severe acne vulgaris. Its use is typically reserved for cases that have not responded to other treatments, and it should be used under close medical supervision due to its potential side effects and the risk of birth defects.
