The word "estocs" is a plural noun that refers to a type of sword used in medieval times. The spelling of this word can be explained using IPA phonetic transcription, which represents the sounds of spoken language. The first syllable of "estocs" is pronounced like "ess," while the second syllable sounds like "tawks." The final syllable is pronounced with a soft "s" sound, like "z." The final letter, "s," is silent, which can be confusing for those unfamiliar with the word.
Estocs (singular: estoc) refer to a type of two-handed sword characterized by its tapered blade design. Spelling variations include "estok" or "estocque." This weapon gained popularity during the late medieval period, particularly in the 14th and 15th centuries, and was widely used throughout Europe.
The estoc typically features a long, narrow blade that tapers to a point, making it ideal for thrusting attacks. Unlike other swords with sharpened cutting edges, estocs were primarily designed for penetrating armor, particularly plate armor, which had become increasingly prevalent on the battlefield during this time. The unique construction of the estoc allowed it to find gaps in armor and deliver deadly thrusts to the opponent. It often lacked a cutting edge and a handguard, reinforcing its sole purpose as a puncturing weapon.
With its two-handed grip, estocs offered enhanced thrusting power and increased reach, granting their wielders an advantage over opponents armed with single-handed weapons. In battle, these swords were commonly used by knights, men-at-arms, and mercenaries. Despite their lethal reputation, estocs gradually fell out of favor as advancements in armor and firearms made them less effective on the battlefield. However, they remained popular as ceremonial or parade weapons long after their practical utility diminished.
Today, estocs primarily serve as historical artifacts and collectibles, providing valuable insights into the martial arts and warfare of the medieval era.
The word "estocs" is derived from the Old French word "estoc" which originally referred to a thrusting sword or a sting. The Old French term itself comes from the Latin word "stocks" meaning "stump" or "trunk of a tree". Over time, the term "estoc" evolved to specifically refer to a long, thin, and pointed sword used for thrusting attacks, similar to a rapier. The plural form "estocs" is used to refer to multiple swords of this kind.