EPOXIDE HYDRATASES Meaning and
Definition
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Epoxide hydratases are enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of epoxide compounds, converting them into corresponding diols. An epoxide is a cyclic ether characterized by a three-membered ring containing an oxygen atom and two adjacent carbon atoms. These compounds are often chemically unstable and reactive due to the ring strain caused by the small ring size, making them susceptible to nucleophilic attack.
Epoxide hydratases play a crucial role in metabolism and detoxification processes as they facilitate the breakdown of various epoxides generated through the action of enzymes like cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. By introducing a water molecule across the strained oxirane ring, epoxide hydratases form a trans-diol product. This hydration reaction is typically stereo- and regioselective, resulting in the formation of specific diol isomers based on the orientation of the substituted groups in the starting epoxide.
These enzymes are found in a wide range of organisms, including bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals. They are classified under the larger family of hydrolases. Epoxide hydratases have diverse physiological functions, including the degradation of xenobiotic epoxides, the metabolism of endogenous compounds, and the synthesis of natural products. Their importance is further emphasized by their involvement in the activation and detoxification of various industrial and environmental pollutants, as well as their potential applications in biotechnology for the synthesis of chiral compounds and fine chemicals.
Understanding the molecular mechanisms and structural properties of epoxide hydratases provides insights into their specificity, substrate recognition, and reaction kinetics, enabling the development of novel biocatalysts and therapeutic interventions.
Common Misspellings for EPOXIDE HYDRATASES
- wpoxide hydratases
- spoxide hydratases
- dpoxide hydratases
- rpoxide hydratases
- 4poxide hydratases
- 3poxide hydratases
- eooxide hydratases
- eloxide hydratases
- e-oxide hydratases
- e0oxide hydratases
- epixide hydratases
- epkxide hydratases
- eplxide hydratases
- eppxide hydratases
- ep0xide hydratases
- ep9xide hydratases
- epozide hydratases
- epocide hydratases
- epodide hydratases
- eposide hydratases
Etymology of EPOXIDE HYDRATASES
The word "epoxide hydratases" is composed of two main components: "epoxide" and "hydratases".
1. Epoxide: The term "epoxide" derives from the combination of "epi-" meaning "upon" or "near" and "oxide", which refers to a compound containing oxygen. Epoxides are cyclic organic compounds characterized by a three-membered ring consisting of an oxygen atom and two adjacent carbon atoms. The name "epoxide" implies that one of the oxygen atoms is situated on or near the carbon chain.
2. Hydratases: "Hydratases" is derived from the word "hydrate", which comes from the Greek "hudor" meaning "water". In biochemistry, hydratases are a class of enzymes involved in the addition of water molecules to various substrates, leading to hydration or hydrolysis reactions.
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