EPIKOROS Meaning and
Definition
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Epikoros is a term in Jewish literature and tradition that refers to a person who denies or questions the fundamental principles of Jewish faith, particularly the belief in God, divine revelation, or the authority of the Torah. It is commonly translated to mean "heretic" or "apostate" in English.
The term's origin can be traced back to the Talmud, an ancient codification of Jewish law and teachings. An epikoros is considered to be someone who openly challenges or rejects the traditional religious beliefs and practices upheld by the Jewish community. They diverge from the accepted norms, doctrines, and values of Judaism and are seen as a threat to the community's cohesion and spiritual well-being.
Epikoros is often used to describe an individual who intentionally and persistently deviates from orthodox Jewish thought, either through philosophical skepticism, adherence to other religious practices, or outright atheism. However, it should be noted that the term has sometimes been used in a broader sense to label anyone who deviates from mainstream Jewish religious beliefs and practices, even unintentionally.
Overall, epikoros is a loaded term within Jewish tradition, carrying a negative connotation. It designates someone who challenges or rejects the core principles of Judaism, thereby separating themselves from the broader community.
Etymology of EPIKOROS
The word "epikoros" (אֶפִּיקוֹרוֹס) comes from Hebrew and has its roots in Jewish religious literature. It is derived from the Hebrew term "apikorus", which means "heretic" or "doubter". The exact origins of the word are uncertain, but it is believed to have been derived from Greek philosophical terminology. In Greek, it may have been related to the word "Epicurus", the name of the Greek philosopher who advocated for the pursuit of pleasure and the denial of divine intervention. Over time, "epikoros" was adopted into various Jewish religious texts to describe someone who denies or opposes traditional Jewish beliefs.
